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Derivation of the Test Statistic for the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test

A common point of confusion arises from the definition of the test statistic W W . Some texts define it as W+ W^+ (sum of positive ranks), while others use W W (sum of all signed ranks, where Di<0 D_i<0 corresponds to Ri -R_i ). Ensure clarity on which definition is being used, as it affects the expected value.
Institutional Reference: Applied Statistics
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